The world's population is distributed by population density.
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The largest part of Australia is desert or semi-arid. Only the south-east and south-west corners have a temperate climate and moderately fertile soil. The northern part of the country has a tropical climate, varying between grasslands and desert.
The city architects need to take into account the high rate of earthquakes that occur in the area. With knowing this, the buildings need to be designed to absorb the energy of the quake while it is happening as not to create large amounts of destruction. I hope this helps :)