The Fourth Amendment protects human rights in such a way that it prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures. This means that the police cannot enter and search your house unless they have a warrant to do so in which case it becomes legal. This also means that you cannot be held captive unless there is proof of your crime.
The purpose and effect of Beowulf describing his own great deeds rely on showing how confident he is about his strength and bravery to fight the monster. In this way, he is demonstrating his honor and fearless pursues to others.