Grazing animals such as deer are primary consumers.
The responses observed in type IV hypersensitivities result from the action of T cells and phagocytes.
Hypersensitivity IV type, also called delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), involves T cell-antigen interactions that cause activation and secretion of cytokines. This type of hypersensitivity requires sensitized lymphocytes that respond 24–48 hours after exposure to soluble antigens. A type IV hypersensitivity reaction is a cell-mediated reaction that can occur in response to contact with certain allergens, resulting in what is called contact dermatitis, or in response to certain diagnostic procedures such as the tuberculin skin test. Certain allergens need to be avoided to treat this condition. Type IV hypersensitivity response is observed results from the action of T cells and macrophages while other types are mediated by antibodies. This reaction occurs at least 1–3 days after the initial exposure. Type IV hypersensitivity is the mechanism of many autoimmune disorders.
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They have an adaptation called trigger hairs.
Answer:
evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, and runoff.
Explanation:
because it ensures the availability of water for all living organisms and regulates weather patterns on Earth
Explanation:
Wind energy is one of the sources of renewable sources of energy that is environmentally friendly.
It uses wind power to generate other forms of energy mostly electricity.
Some of the drawbacks are:
- Wind turbines pose serious threat to wildlife. It is common place to see dead birds in areas where wind power is being harnessed.
- The quantity fluctuates from time to time. Since wind is an element of weather, it is not always in regular supply as desired.
- The cost of constructing wind turbines can be very high a times.
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