The DNA replication products visualized during the sanger method of DNA sequencing are observed in which nucleotides are added.
Sanger sequencing is based on the process of DNA replication. A scientist creates a copy of his DNA strand. Then observe which nucleotides have been added. This way you can see the sequence of nucleotides. A laser excites the fluorescent labels in each band and a computer detects the resulting light.
Sanger sequencing produces extension products of various lengths ending in dideoxynucleotides at the 3' ends. Extension products are separated by capillary electrophoresis or CE. Molecules are injected by an electric current into a long glass capillary filled with gel polymer. Selective incorporation of chain-terminating dideoxynucleotides by DNA polymerases during in vitro DNA replication.
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The four major types of germs are bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. They can invade plants, animals, and people, and sometimes they can make us sick.
Answer:
- Bird wings and dragonfly wings are both used for flight: Analogous structure
- Clams and snails both have similar muscle structure even though the muscles do different jobs: Homologous structure
- Human and giraffe necks both have 7 vertebrae because we are related: Homologous structure
- The flaps of a Venus flytrap have a similar makeup to oak leaves: Homologous structure
Explanation:
Analogous structures are similar structures that have the same or similar functions in unrelated organisms. Analogous structures aren't the result of evolutionary relationships among organisms (i.e., they were not inherited from a common ancestor). On the other hand, homologous structures are structures inherited from a common ancestor. Homologous structures may or may not have an identical function, but they are the result of evolutionary relationships among organisms and, therefore, they are genetically related.
Lithosphere (or geosphere) describes all the rocks, minerals and molten magma found on or in the Earth
The hydrosphere describes all the water on Earth – including liquid water (oceans, etc.) and vapour (precipitation)
The atmosphere describes the layer of gases surrounding the Earth and is divided into sections (stratosphere, etc.)
The biosphere is composed of all the living organisms on the planet (including plants, animals, bacteria, etc.)
The four spheres are interconnected, so human impact on one sphere will potentially effect other spheres
The release of plastic pollution into the oceans (hydrosphere) will impact on marine life (biosphere)
The production and release of CFCs into the atmosphere will effect the impact of UV radiation on the biosphere
The Four Earth Spheres
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