Answer:
Each one has two fatty acid chains and the glycerol backbone is bonded to a small polar group.
Explanation:
Phospholipid is a unique form of lipid. The bonding of the glycerol backbone to the polar phosphate group makes phospholipid to have dual solubility unlike general triglycerides.
The polar head is said to be hydrophillic that is <u>water loving,</u> while the two carbon chains that retained lipid features are hydrophobic <u>water hating.</u>
Therefore if a phopholipid is placed in water, in relation to its functions as component of cell membrane, it forms a bi-layer in which the water loving portion hydrophilic head points into the surrounding watery medium, while the hydrophobic layer points inwards far away from the watery medium into the internal cellular layer to form an impermeable barrier to hydrophilic (polar) substances.
This forms the basis of the phospholipd bilayer of the cell membrane. And it controls the permeability of the cell membrane to influx substances into the cells.
<span>Planaria have a huge regenerative power because of the presence of adult stem cells called neoblasts. If you cut Planaria into pieces, each piece can regenerate into a complete organism and that’s a form of asexual reproduction. Cells which are located on the wound site proliferate to form a blastema-mass of cell that will grow into a new organ. Those cells will differentiate into new tissues and regenerate the missing parts.</span>
<span>The similar thing is happening with starfish.</span>
Interspecific competition I believe
Answer:
1. CGAGGTT → CGTT (Deletion)
2. ATTCGG → ATTCGGATTCGG (Duplication)
3. CTTAAT → TAATTC (Inversion)
4. CTTAAT → CTTAACGCT (Insertion)
5. CGAT → CTAT (Substitution)
6. CCGGTT + TTAGGC = CCGTTA + GTTGGC (Translocation)
Explanation:
1. CGAGGTT → CGTT (Deletion) ---- This is called deletion because it involves the removal of 3 base pairs (AGG) from the DNA sequence.
2. ATTCGG → ATTCGGATTCGG (Duplication) ---- In this case, the particular sequence (ATTCGG) is copied again or duplicated.
3. CTTAAT → TAATTC (Inversion)----- This is called inversion mutation because the DNA sequence breaks off and is reattached but this time in a reverse order i.e. CTT becomes TTC, placing the last base first and the first base last.
4. CTTAAT → CTTAACGCT (Insertion) ------ This is called insertion mutation because it involves the addition of extra base pairs (CGC) into the sequence. The Insertion occurs between the last A and T nucleotide.
5. CGAT → CTAT (Substitution) ----- This is called substitution because Guanine base is replaced by Thymine in the DNA sequence. It is specifically called a transversion substitution because a purine (Guanine) is replaced by a pyrimidine (Thymine). It is called a point mutation because it involves a single base.
6. CCGGTT + TTAGGC = CCGTTA + GTTGGC (Translocation) ----- in this case, CCGGTT and TTAGGC are sequences on different chromosomes. Portions of sequence on the first chromosome (GTT) and second chromosome (TTA) breaks off and gets reattached/exchanged in each other i.e. the first chromosome gets TTA while the second gets GTT. This kind of mutation is called translocation.
