1st Amendment: Gives everyone the right to free speech, right to assemble, and right to religion.
14th Amendment: Gave black men the right to vote. This amendment started making the preamble to the Constitution a reality.
19th Amendment: Gave women the right o vote. Makes the preamble to the Constitution real.
The event you're describing is called the Ra pe of Nanking. It happened in 1937. Around 50,000 innocent Chinese people were killed by Japanese troops.
Size comparison Venezuela is about 1.2 times smaller than Colombia. Colombia is approximately 1,138,910 sq km, while Venezuela is approximately 912,050 sq km, making Venezuela 80.08% the size of Colombia. Meanwhile, the population of Colombia is ~49.1 million people (20.4 million fewer people live in Venezuela).