Question

100 POINTS

Answer 1

Answer/Explanation:

Green plants can synthesise their own food by using light energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, with the release of oxygen. This process is called photosynthesis, and it occurs in specialized organelles called chloroplasts.  The first stages of photosynthesis require light energy, and are often called the light-dependent reactions. The next stages occur in the absence of light energy, called the light-independent reactions.

In the light-dependent reactions, chlorophyll in the chloroplasts absorb light, converting into stored chemical energy in the form of NADPH and ATP. The high energy electron produced by light absorption travels down an electron transport chain, driving the pumping of hydrogen ions and creating a gradient. This provides the energy to produce ATP by ATP synthase

This process is used to provide for the light-independent reactions to  form carbohydrates from carbon dioxide during a process called the Calvin cycle. The carbohydrates produced during photosynthesis are broken down during cellular respiration to generate ATP.