The causes of the Peloponnesian war are that the Athenian Empire upset the balance of power in the Greek world this alarmed Sparta and its allies
It ended when the Athens surrendered after the war sparta was ruling the state of Greece
It actually lasted from 618 to 907.....907 - 618 = 289....almost 300 years
It limited the power of the monarchy and protected citizens' freedom
Total warfare was when a country used any or all resources available for war and infrastructure as a ligament military target. This war far cause significant civilian or other non-combat deaths.They required this warfare because this would make it easier to win the war and also some never gave up with this type of war.