Factor 1: Who decides to run for office and what advantages candidates have over one another.
Factor 2: Incumbency. Usually the incumbent (the person already serving in the office) has a large advantage over challengers, unless negative events have the voters wanting to get rid of incumbents.
Factor 3: The way congressional districts are drawn. There have been court cases recently about "gerrymandering" -- attempts by a party in power to draw district boundaries in ways that will serve to perpetuate that party's power.
The "Columbian Exchange" -- as historians call this transcontinental exchange of humans, animals, germs and plants -- affected more than just the Americas. In China, for example, the new era began when sailors reported the sudden appearance of Europeans in the Philippines in 1570. The astonishing thing about this was that they had come across the ocean from the east.
Answer:
By passing black codes
Explanation:
Black codes were used to restrict the freedom of African Americans in the Southern states. The Civil Rights Act was for granting freedom to African Americans and slaves but the Black codes were a way for the racists in the south to ignore this and continue with the discriminatory behaviour and maltreatment towards people of colour.
The Muslim armies were defeated and kept from expanding further into France is the correct asnwer.
The Muslim armies that were ravaging around these areas were finally repelled in this battle and were kept from spreading any further into France at the time. The Frankish forces were lead by Charles Martel.
