1. Bhabar - The rivers, after descending from the mountains, deposit pebbles in a narrow belt of about 8-16 km in width lying parallel to the slopes of the Shiwaliks. All of the streams disappear in this belt.
2. Terai - South of the bhabar belt, the streams re-emerge and form a wet, swampy and marshy region. This is a thickly forested region with an abundance of wildlife.
3. Bhangar - The largest part of the Northern plain is formed of older alluvium. They lie above the floodplains of the rivers and present a terrace-like feature. They contain calcareous, rocky deposits known as Kankar.
4. Khadar - The newer, younger deposits of alluvium in the floodplains. They are renewed almost every year, and are fertile, hence ideal for growing rice and wheat.
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