<span>They will be lowest when a single company produces all of the output in an industry. This will be because the one company is doing all the production and does not have to compete with any other companies trying to enter the marketplace. The lack of new companies will allow the monopolizing company to set their own prices for costs of production.</span>
        
             
        
        
        
Explanation:
The retained earnings are calculated by adding net income to (or subtracting net losses from) the previous term's retained earnings and then subtracting any net dividend(s) paid to the shareholders. The figure is calculated at the end of each accounting period (quarterly/annually.) 
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A euro equals $1.08 in American dollars.