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NeX [460]
3 years ago
13

HELP PLEASE??????!!!! ????????

Biology
1 answer:
andreev551 [17]3 years ago
5 0
The answer is B bescause the volume is not io
hope it help u☺
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Which hormone is secreted during periods of stress and is related to increased risk of disease?
gulaghasi [49]

Stress is a condition that tends to disturb the equilibrium of the individual with the environment. There are hormonal changes which occur during stress and have their impact in the endocrine system.

Reaction to stress is associated with increased hormone secretions of several hormones such as glucocorticoids, growth hormone, prolactin and catecholamine. The elevated levels of these hormones increase the risk of infections and also decrease the innate immunity as well as increase the autoimmune responses.

There are endocrine disorders related with the increased hormone secretion during stress conditions such as psychosexual dwarfism, obesity, Grave’s disease and gonadal dysfunction. The effect of increased secretion of the hormones is increase in mobilization of energy and adaption of the individual to current circumstances.

Activation of the pituitary adrenal axis is an important and dominant response due to stress. On stimulation of the pituitary adrenal axis results in hypothalamic secretion of the CRF (corticotrophin-releasing factor) which further stimulates the pituitary to ACTH, 3-endorphin and 8-lipotropin.

During stress, the plasma levels of these hormones increase up to five times.

The stimulation of the pituitary adrenal axis is also associated with the release of hormone catecholamine. The increased level of catecholamine leads to increased skeletal muscle flow of blood increased cardiac output and glucose levels, bronchiolar dilation, cutaneous vasoconstriction etc.

Acute stress releases vasopressin rapidly from the Para ventricular nucleus of hypothalamus together with corticotrophin releasing hormone.

During stress there is also suppression of gonadotropins and gonadal steroidal hormones which disrupt the normal menstrual cycle and prolonged stress can also lead to impairment of reproductive functions.

Thyroid functions are down regulated during stress conditions. T3 and T4 levels decrease whenever there is any stress condition.

The growth hormone level increases due to physical stress and prolactin level may increase or decrease depending on the conditions of regulatory environment locally.

4 0
3 years ago
Creationists criticize the idea of natural selection as a circular argument, or tautology, claiming "the fittest are those that
Dafna11 [192]

Creationists criticize the idea of natural selection as a circular argument, or tautology, claiming "the fittest are those that survive, and survival is how fitness is defined. "

The definition of natural selection is not tautological because natural selection is measured by contribution to the next generation, not simply survival of an individual organism.

Tautologies or circular arguments are true at all times and therefore are not productive as theories since they cannot be disproved. A tautology is a statement which is true by necessity.

Natural selection is the prevalent theory which explains biological change by predicting the mechanism behind evolution.

Nevertheless, natural selection can be explained non-tautologically. It should be described as the theory which tries to speculate as well as retrodict evolutionary change by environmental forces affecting the organisms.

To learn more about natural selection here

brainly.com/question/9830102

#SPJ4

4 0
1 year ago
How does sexual reproduction lead to variation of traits in a population?
Sladkaya [172]
One gets together with another and it happens then a child comes
6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Which of these flowers do you think is a sunflower? Check all that apply.
alexandr402 [8]
I think the last two ? lol
3 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
COMÓ SE DIFRENCIAN LAS MEZCLAS?
vaieri [72.5K]

Answer:

sustancia formada por dos o más componentes unidos, pero no combinados químicamente. Las mezclas homogéneas no se pueden diferenciar a simple vista. Se conocen como soluciones que contienen un soluto y un solvente; por ejemplo, la sal mezclada con agua

Explanation:

7 0
3 years ago
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