I think it is the Microscope. Robert Hooke was a scientist who came up with the law of elasticity, the Hooke's law as well his pioneering work using the microscope to document observations of a variety of samples in his book. Hook published a book Micrographia, an accurate and detailed record of his observations through his microscope.
Our right to bear arms was and original amendment in the constitution but is currently being challenged due to the world’s advancement in technology and their easy access. Events such as the Orlando Shoot and Sandy Hook can provoke stricter gun laws in the future.