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Scientists from the UCLA AIDS Institute and the Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine have derived T-cells from human embryonic stem cells, raising hopes for a gene therapy to combat AIDS. The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reported the findings in its July 14, 2006, online edition.
“We may be able to use human embryonic stem cells to treat T-cell and other blood diseases,” says lead author Zoran Galic, assistant research biologist. “This could be a very important weapon in the fight against AIDS.”
The researchers cultured human embryonic stem cells and incubated them on mouse bone-marrow cells, which in turn converted them into blood-forming cells. Those cells were injected into a human thymus that had been implanted in a mouse. The thymus transformed the bloodforming cells into the T-cells that HIV targets for destruction.
“Our results indicate that it’s possible to decipher the signals that control embryonic stem cells’ development into mature T-cells,” says Jerome Zack, associate director of the UCLA AIDS Institute and professor of microbiology, immunology and molecular genetics. “This way we can eventually repopulate the immune system of patients needing T-cells.”
One of the body’s main defenses against disease, Tcells are manufactured in the thymus. The organ shrinks as we age, weakening the immune system. The scientists anticipate that their findings could give rise to gene-therapy approaches for other diseases related to T-cells such as severe combined immunodeficiency, or “bubble-boy disease.”
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d
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The use of fertilizers is the leading cause of eutrophication. The use of fertilizers, especially nitrate and phosphate fertilizers on farms, lawns, and golf courses, result in the accumulation of phosphate and nitrate in the nearby water body sources
He developed and improved the microscope. He was also the first to discover single-cell organisms that he called animalcules.
No Clean Water: We may live on a water planet, but 97.5% of that water is ocean and other undrinkable salt-filled sources. Only 2.5% of the water on this planet is fresh, and of that, 1% is either too polluted to be consumed or entirely unreachable. Much of it remains frozen in the form of polar ice caps. All told, less than 1% of the planet’s freshwater resources are available for consumption.
Lower Life Expectancy: Thanks to medical intervention, human beings can live to be up to 100 years old — as long as they live in developed countries where they have access to that medical care. One study, done by researchers at Harvard, found that the majority of population increases over the next 40 years or so will be in less developed countries.
Climate Change: We’ve been seeing the results of climate change firsthand in the dramatic weather patterns of 2017 — multiple category five hurricanes, dramatic wildfires and floods, and other atypical weather patterns that are threatening both lives and property.