Answer:
<u>3) Uncontrolled cell division occurred as a result of gene mutations</u>
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Explanation:
Spontaneous modifications within the genome may occur during the process of cell division. When copies of the DNA inside the cell are made, these mutations cause errors; and can include small single nucleotide polymorphisms, and large scale additions or deletions across multiple genes.
Some, like somatic mutations, exist only inside vegetative (body) cells, that cannot be passed onto offspring. This is caused by several factors like
- UV radiation,
- chemical mutagens,
- infective agents
UV radiation damages strands of DNA, by causing dimers to form; here, consecutive nucleotide bases covalently bond instead of those on the complementary strand. This conformational change causes errors in DNA proofreading and repair mechanisms where bases are not well-incorporated into the strand- tumors (clumps of uncontrolled cell growth) may form, resulting in melanoma, a type of skin cancer.
The correct answer is reuptake.
The reabsorption of a neurotransmitter by a neurotransmitter transporter situated along the plasma membrane of an axon terminal or glial cell after it has done its activity of conducting a neural impulse is called reuptake.
The process of reuptake is essential for usual synaptic physiology as it permits for the recycling of neurotransmitters and monitors the neurotransmitter level in the synapse, thus, monitoring the duration of the signal resulting due to the discharge of the neurotransmitter.
D) traits that make them more successful in the enviorment
Answer:
The correct answer will be option B.
Explanation:
Plant cell shows distinguishing features from the animal cell which can be easily observed like:
1. Shape: Plant cell is usually rectangular while the animal cell is circular.
2. Membrane : Plant cell posses two layers- outer cell wall and inner plasma membrane while the animal cell only plasma membrane.
3. Vacuole: plant cell contains a single large vacuole whereas animal cell contains small vacuole if any.
4. Ribosomes: plant cell posses more free cytoplasmic ribosomes while animal cell contains more attached ribosomes.
On the basis of this, we can predict that James is preparing a plant cell with balloon shoeing large vacuole and marbles as ribosomes.
Thus, option B is the correct answer.
