The answer is A.)they reopened trade with the middle east during the 14th century.
First Great Awakening:
• 1730s-1740s
• Credited founder: Jonathan Edwards (remember Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God?)
Based on Puritan/Congregationalist ideals
o Northampton, Massachusetts
o Preached personal salvation
o Discussed repentance for sins (why? Remember “declension”?)
• Other major supporter: George Whitefield (revivalist, travels through the colonies)
o More emotional, revival-like sermons and preaching
o Influences the south (slaveholders participate; try to prevent slaves from attending)
• Influence of the “backcountry” – non-wealthy colonists living further west, take new revivalism
to heart and form new sects (remember the significance of this group on Early American
History)
Second Great Awakening:
• Early 1800s; usually 1810s to as late as the 1840s
• Most known leader: Charles Grandison Finney (has appeared in related DBQ essays)
• Directly influenced by increasing political participation of common citizens
• Plays a direct role in the antebellum reform movements, especially abolitionism (but also
including temperance, prison reform, and women’s rights – remember the Mock Exam FRQ?)
• Popular in the backcountry; especially the southern Appalachian regions
• Again, slaveholders tried to prevent slaves from attending; eventually had to come up with
Christian reasons for slavery
• Role of the Second Great Awakening on the frontier? As people move away from traditional
homelands, they must search for a sense of community
• This is really where newer sects gain increased membership: Methodists, Baptists
• Also, very different sects emerge: Mormons, Seventh-Day Adventists
The immediate consequence of the Reconquista was the conquest of all remaining Muslim political polities and their entailing territories by Spanish Roman Catholic monarchs, Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile. Subsequently, Spain became increasingly potent as a dominant world military, naval and colonial power.
Muslims had been living on the Iberian Peninsula since 711 A.D. and interactions between the major religions of Christianity, Judaism and Islam, while sometimes violent and intolerant, had also been both culturally and intellectually productive. But by the 15th century, much of the peninsula had been re-conquered by Catholic forces, leaving the relatively weak and often fractured Nasrid state of Grenada as the only remaining Muslim polity. By 1492, that too had been vanquished, leaving Isabella and Ferdinand with virtually unquestioned dominion.
While the events of 1492 eventually helped to further unite Spain under a single ethno-religious identity, it also meant disaster for members of those minority religions previously protected under Muslim rule and then, to varying degrees, under Christian rule as well. Most importantly, 1492 marked the dramatic expulsion of all remaining Spanish Jews, the Sephardim, who were robbed of most their property and given the choice of either leaving or death.
With the religious zeal fostered by the Reconquista, Spain's monarchy zealously embarked on continued exploration and colonization projects, beginning with the Columbus expedition financed in 1492. Subsequent territorial acquisitions captured most of South and Central America for Spain, along with their raw materials and precious metals. The latter, in particular, ultimately made early modern Spain wealthy.
the amount the other candidate pays for their campaign? if thats not what your asking we can talk in the comments.
