Answer:
1. Gas exchange takes place by diffusion in the alveoli within the lungs. As a result the composition of inhaled and exhaled air is different.
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Inhaled and exhaled air.
Gas % in inhaled air % in exhaled air
Oxygen 21 16
Carbon dioxide 0.04 4
Nitrogen 79 79
NB These figures are approximate.
2. The amount of carbon-dioxide atoms released by respiration are exactly equal to the atoms of these materials contained in the oxygen and carbon converted. In this way respiration has conserved the mass or material and in this way followed the law of conservation of mass.
Explanation:
What is Cellular Respiration?
Cellular Respiration is the process in which the cells of living things break down the organic compound glucose with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. The overall chemical equation for cellular respiration is:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (stored in ATP)
Cellular respiration takes place in the cells of all organisms. It occurs in autotrophs such as plants as well as heterotrophs such as animals.
Q: How is cellular respiration related to breathing?
A: Breathing consists of inhaling and exhaling, and its purpose is to move gases into and out of the body. Oxygen needed for cellular respiration is brought into the body with each inhalation. Carbon dioxide and water vapor produced by cellular respiration are released from the body with each exhalation.
Energy Changes in Cellular Respiration
The reactions of cellular respiration are catabolic reactions. In catabolic reactions, bonds are broken in larger molecules and energy is released. In cellular respiration, bonds are broken in glucose, and this releases the chemical energy that was stored in the glucose bonds. Some of this energy is converted to heat. The rest of the energy is used to form many small molecules of a compound called adenosine triphosphate, or ATP. ATP molecules contain just the right amount of stored chemical energy to power biochemical reactions inside cells.
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