Answer:
The agreement that included admitting California as a free state, eliminating the slave trade in Washington DC, and passing the Fugitive Slave Act was the Compromise of 1850.
Explanation:
The 1850 Compromise was created in the United States during Millard Fillmore's presidency to renew the Missouri Compromise, also called the 1820 Compromise, on slavery regulation and California's future status.
The agreement was drafted by Democrat Stephen Douglas, senator from Illinois and Whigen Henry Clay, senator from Kentucky, and was generally directed at the spread of slavery, but gave concessions to slave states, including the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, which established certain common principles on whether escaped slaves would be returned to its owners across state borders.
The main measurements of the Compromise were:
-California was incorporated as a free state to the Union. Previously, it had been proposed to divide the state into a free state and a slave state, when it crossed the latitude proposed in the Missouri compromise.
-Texas gave up all claims to New Mexico territory while its state debt was taken over by the federal government.
-Slave trade was banned in Washington D.C. while slave owners were allowed to keep slaves in the capital (both the existence of slavery in the capital and its surface donated by two slave states, Virginia and Maryland, made the issue controversial).
-The Fugitive Slave Act required authorities in free states to return escaped slaves under certain circumstances. This part of the agreement was seen by slavery opponents as a betrayal and increased the abolitionists' resistance to the institution. Another consequence was that Canada became a main target for escaped slaves (slavery had been abolished in the British colonies in 1833). The law was declared invalid by the Wisconsin Supreme Court in 1854, and the Washington Federal Supreme Court repealed the ruling in 1859, two years before the outbreak of the Civil War.
