Answer:
This is the excerpt the question refers to:
It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago. During the intervening time the Japanese Government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.
The appeal of that excerpt is: logical appeal
Explanation:
In the excerpt, a logical fact is being pointed at: Japan is very far from Hawaii, and because the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor was not only unexpected, but also successful (for the Japanese), it must have been planned many days or weeks ago.
An deadly attack on foreign soil, that is far away from home, cannot be rushed out. It needs planning, and that is obviously what the Japanese did.
Answer:
Type I
Explanation:
Type I error is also known as Alpha error or false positive(finding or conclusion) that occurs when people negate the Null Hypothesis (contradictory statement to one's hypothesis) even if it has strong chances of being true. The researchers usually form a null hypothesis in order to produce a balanced hypothesis or conclusion. Therefore, <em>the given example illustrates that if the researchers' finding is not replicated well by successive studies then it is implied that they have made type I error as they have rejected the true null hypothesis.</em>
