Chinese inventions from this period, such as printing, gunpowder, and the compass, changed history. 14. Toilet Paper Although developed around 600 CE, it was only available at first to nobility and the elites. During the Tang Dynasty it became widespread.
The way you worded the question is a bit odd, but it seems like the answer your looking for is the Japanese Empire.
They were because of Civil Disobedience, a belief followed by the liked of Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr. that basically means that unjust laws are unworthy of being followed.
George Bush defeated Al Gore in the November 2000 election.