The answer to the question is b
Answer:
Below
Explanation
elections using electoral systems where strategic nomination is a concern, primaries can be very important in preventing "clone" candidates that split their constituency's vote because of their similarities. Primaries allow political parties to select and unite behind one candidate.
Last czar (tsar) of Russia was Nicholas II; reigned ended 1917 when he and his family were shot by the Bolsheviks starting the Russian revolution.
Power to protect the common good