Option A for the first question and for the second question i'm not entirely sure but I think its Scotland
Answer:
They intended to cross over in boats and drive the Americans from their positions .
Explanation:
This is usually the result of an underdeveloped infrastructure or lack of technological achievements. The communication revolution requires countries to have highly advanced infrastructure that can support making a huge communications web and many countries have historically been destroyed by wars or have generally been poor and couldn't develop in that field, which means that nowadays they can't enter it quickly.
"c. social welfare programs" and "<span>e. communist spies in the United States" are the best options, since these two events brought the possibility of communism to the homeland. </span>