Question

The Russian term glasnost refers to what? while perestroika refers to what?

Answer 1

"Glasnost" and "Perestroika" were measures imposed by Gorbachev during his reign of the Soviet Union from 1988 to 1991. He was also the leader of the Communist Party from 1985 to 1991, and the last leader of the Soviet Union. Perestroika was the policy of reforming the economy and the political system of the Soviet Union. Initially, it was conceived as an improvement in the efficiency of labor and automation, but it ended with the failure of central planned economy typical for communist regimes, and thus announced and implemented  the end of the Soviet Union. Glasnost from the Russian word "glas", which means voice, is transparency in the work and implementation of reforms and state policy.

Answer 2

The Russian term glasnost refers policies that are generally "transparent"--meaning that the general public can "see" into the workings of government. Perestroika had to do more with "reconstructing" Russian policies to fit a more modern world.