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lidiya [134]
3 years ago
9

The advantage of excreting nitrogenous wastes as urea instead of ammonia is that:________ a) urea requires more water for excret

ion than ammonia b) urea is less toxic than ammonia c) urea can be exchanged for Na+ d) urea requires less energy to produce than ammonia
Biology
1 answer:
ICE Princess25 [194]3 years ago
4 0

Answer: B

Explanation:

Ammonia is so toxic that it can be transported and excreted only in large volumes of very dilute solution. As a result most terrestrial animals simply don't have access to sufficient water to routine excrete ammonia.

The main advantage of urea is its very low toxicity. Animals can transport urea in the circulatory system and store it safely in high concentrations. Also much less water is loss when a given quantity of nitrogen is excreted in a concentrated solution of urea than would be in a dilute solution of ammonia.

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Suppose that at a given point along a capillary, the following forces exist: Capillary hydrostatic pressure (HPc) = 30 mmHg Inte
Ainat [17]

Answer:

Suppose that at a given point along a capillary, the following forces exist: Capillary hydrostatic pressure (HPc) = 30 mmHg Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (HPif) = 0 mmHg Capillary colloid osmotic pressure (OPc) = 25 mmHg Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure (OPif) = 2 mmHg. The net filtration pressure at this point in the capillary is <u>7mmHg.</u>

Explanation:

  • Data:

Capillary hydrostatic pressure (HPc) = 30 mmHg

Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (HPif) = 0 mmHg

Capillary colloid osmotic pressure (OPc) = 25 mmHg

Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure (OPif) = 2 mmHg

  • Formula Applied :

Net filtration pressure= hydrostatic pressure gradient -  Oncotic pressure gradient

Hydrostatic pressure gradient = Capillary hydrostatic pressure - Interstitial hydrostatic pressure = 30mmHg - 0 mmHg = 30 mmHg

Oncotic pressure gradient =  Capillary colloid osmotic pressure - Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure =25  - 2 = 23 mmHg

Net filtration pressure= hydrostatic pressure gradient -  Oncotic pressure gradient = 30 mmHg - 23 mmHg = 7 mmHg.

Hence, The net filtration pressure at this point in the capillary is <u>7mmHg.</u>

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Explanation:

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