The Counter-Reformation (Latin: Contrareformatio), also called the Catholic Reformation (Latin: Reformatio Catholica) or the Catholic Revival,[1] was the period of Catholic resurgence that was initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation.
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A i believe. This is because it does not always go for popular vote and is always taking away power from states just cause of their population.
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The Constitution. Checks and balances throughout, separation of power in article one two and three.