Answer 1: -
d. Earthquakes
Explanation: -
Earthquake is shaking of the surface of the earth with sudden release of energy that can be stored in the earth to produce further bigger disturbances. Tsunamis are nothing but strong massive earthquakes that take place below the sea level that cause heavy destruction. Aftershocks are smaller earthquakes that occur after a main shock i.e. largest earthquake.
Pressures applied during the earthquakes generally force underground water and liquefied sand to come up to the surface. Hurricane and tornado are types of storm and flooding is related to heavy rainfall. Hurricanes, tornado and flooding don’t cause tsunamis, liquefaction, shaking and aftershocks. On the basis of above explanation it is earthquake is the correct option.
Answer: -
d. deformation
Explanation:-
Changes in temperature or moisture, pressure, type of rocks, buildup of sediment, gravitational force are some of the factors that cause deformation of rocks. When any type of stress is applied to the rock, it causes the rocks to deform. It changes either its shape or volume or both. The size or shape of the rock is changed which is termed as deformation. There are three types of deformation elastic, ductile and brittle deformation. A tectonic pressure in the rocks causes folds whereas tension forces rocks to pull apart and compression, totally opposite to tension forces rocks to collide and move together. On the basis of above explanation, deformation is the correct option.
