The answer is the Bystander Effect.
The bystander effect occurs when the presence of others discourages an individual from intervening in an emergency situation, they assume someone else has or will help. Social psychologists Bibb Latané and John Darley popularized the concept following the infamous 1964 Kitty Genovese murder in New York City.
Answer:
The correct option is : d. is a matter of inequality and beliefs about why people should be unequal.
Explanation:
Social stratification is defined as a system of social ranking in a society. In this system, the people are categorized in groups and ranked on the basis of their socioeconomic status.
The four principles of social stratification are:
1. It reflects the differences between the various groups in a society. It does not reflect the differences between individuals.
2. It is present in every society but varies from place to place.
3. It gets carried on to the next generations.
4. It includes inequality and difference in the beliefs between the various groups of the society.
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Answer: A. Punishment.
Explanation: punishment occurs when an individual is subjected to a disliked condition or process. It might involve flogging, verbal abuse, starving or other actions expected to inflict pain or suffering on an individual in retribution for an bad act. This is done in other to curb or lessen the probability of future occurrence.
In the scenario above, Miguel gets grounded for failing to do her chores, therefore, the opposite reinforcement should be inflicted when her chores gets done. Hence punishment should be appropriately applied when her chores gets done.
