The require degenerative circle is (x - 5)² + (y - 1)² = 0. Option C is correct.
Given that,
The equation for the degenerative circle is to be determined.
<h3>What is a circle?</h3>
The circle is the locus of a point whose distance from a fixed point is constant i.e center (h, k). The equation of the circle is given by
(x - h)² + (y - k)² = r²
where h, k is the coordinate of the circle's center on the coordinate plane and r is the circle's radius.
The degenerative circle is a circle whose radius is zero, from the option,
Option C has the equation of the circle with radius zero.
Thus, the required degenerative circle is (x - 5)² + (y - 1)² = 0.
Learn more about circle here:
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Answer:
Fredholm's integral equations of the first kind are the prototypical example of ill-posed linear inverse problems. The model, among other things, reconstruction of distorted noisy observations and indirect density estimation and also appear in instrumental variable regression. However, their numerical solution remains a challenging problem. Many techniques currently available require a preliminary discretization of the domain of the solution and make strong assumptions about its regularity. For example, the popular expectation-maximization smoothing (EMS) scheme requires the assumption of piecewise constant solutions which is inappropriate for most applications. We propose here a novel particle method that circumvents these two issues. This algorithm can be thought of as a Monte Carlo approximation of the EMS scheme which not only performs an adaptive stochastic discretization of the domain but also results in smooth approximate solutions. We analyze the theoretical properties of the EMS iteration and of the corresponding particle algorithm. Compared to standard EMS, we show experimentally that our novel particle method provides state-of-the-art performance for realistic systems, including motion deblurring and reconstruction of cross-section images of the brain from positron emission tomography.
Step-by-step explanation:
“Unit rate” is a comparison of any two separate but related measurements when the second of these measurements is reduced to a value of one. Calculating the unit rate in any set of circumstances will require the use of division.
0.16 i think but i am not 100% sure
