Well Water is the Hydrosphere because it contains water, Land and rock is the biosphere, and air is the atmosphere. Those are in three different layers of the Earth. HAPPY TO HELP!
First generation offspring don't consistently have the phenotype of a specific gendered parent. It depends on the overall inherited genotype.
Photosynthesis creates glucose and oxygen. used for humans to inhale and then exhale carbon dioxide to go back into plants and redo this cycle.
Phylogenetic trees are often used to track what evolved from what.