The totalitarian states usually don't allow any opposition parties to exist. If some people try to form a party, they usually end up in prison, are banished from the nation, or even murdered.
The reason why the totalitarian rulers prefer a one party system is in order to have all the power in the country, without having opposition that will constantly go public about the terrors and injustices that are happening. If there are more parties, than the people will start to support them, especially cause rarely who likes to live under a totalitarian ruler, thus the totalitarian ruler will face a situation where he/she will lose its power.
Martin Luther King Jr. Rosa Parks and Jackie Robinson all stood up for black rights.
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Answer:
Reconstruction was the period between the end of the Civil War in 1865 and 1877, when the Democrats returned to power in the southern states. During this period, Republicans tried to guarantee a whole series of civil and political rights to African Americans, such as citizenship, the right to vote, and social equality against whites.
But when Reconstruction ended, all the advances in this regard were put aside by the Democrats, who established a segregation system based on the Jim Crow Laws, which, although they guaranteed African Americans certain rights (since they were established in the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments to the Constitution), made them inaccessible and of much lower quality than those of the whites. In addition, a series of mechanisms of institutional violence were established, such as the Klu Klux Klan, through which African Americans were even more limited in their rights.