Answer:
The product of glycolysis is two molecules of pyruvate. It is a three-carbon compound. This pyruvate again undergoes oxidation in the cytoplasm. This process is called pyruvate oxidation which produces Acetyl CoA. The Acetyl CoA is a two-carbon molecule.
Acetyl CoA again used for the citric acid cycle. This is also called as Kreb's cycle / TCA cycle. Because citric acid has 3 carboxylic groups. The acetyl coenzyme produces NADH, FADH2, ATP. The citric acid cycle occurs in the mitochondrial membrane. This is an 8 step process. The first product is citric acid. The other products of each step are isocitrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, succinyl CoA, succinate, Fumarate, L - malate, and Oxaloacetate (OAA).
Another process of aerobic respiration is the electron transport chain ( ETS). Here the energy stored in NADH, FADH2 in the citric acid cycle are utilized. It is a chain of electron carriers. ETS occurs in the inner membrane of mitochondria.
In short, the glucose splits by glycolysis and produces ATP, NADPH, and final product pyruvate. The pyruvate is oxidized and forms acetyle coenzyme. This is used in the TCA / citric acid cycle. In this process also NADH, FADH2 which forms electrons are produced. Theses electrons are carried by different electron carriers and accepted by oxygen.
In the process of pyruvate oxidation 6 ATP, and in Kreb's cycle 18 ATPs, in ETS, 4 ATPs are produced. In addition to this in glycolysis produces 4 ATPs. The total number of ATP in aerobic respiration is 32 ATP.
Answer:
Genetic alteration probably refers to altering the DNA sequence present in the genes of chromosomes.
Explanation:
Genetic alternation occurs when the DNA of an organism gets altered due to any circumstance. Even a change in a single nucleotide can have devastating effects on the organism. It can occur due to mutations or physical factors like radiation, UV etc. Genetic alternations can be useful as well as harmful. Genetic alternation is also a source due to which variations might arise in a population and hence, it leads to biodiversity.
Answer:
1/2 or 50%
Explanation:
Let us assume that the existence of heterozygous dark male means that the dark trait is dominant over the light trait. Hence, the light color trait is recessive.
Let us also assume that the dark color trait is represented by the allele A and the light color trait by allele a.
Heterozygous dark male = Aa
Light female = aa
Crossing the two:
Aa x aa
Aa Aa aa aa
Aa = dark color = 1/2 or 50%
aa = light color = 1/2 or 50%
<em>Hence, the probability of producing light-colored moths would be </em><em>1/2 </em><em>or </em><em>50%.</em>
Answer:
If i am not mistaken, that would the the cell membrane, made out of lipids and different proteins.
Rotation = pivot
no move = suture
side to side = glide
back and forth = hinge
