Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
I always advise my students to make a table of information for these story problems because trying to keep track of the information otherwise is a nightmare. The table will look like this:
d = r * t
m
c
m is motorcycle and c is car.
First thing we are told is that the ratio of m's speed to c's speed is 5:4; that means that we can divide 5/4 to find out how many times faster m is going than c.
5/4 = 1.25 so we have a couple of values to put into the table right away, along with the fact that they are both traveling the same distance of 160 miles.
d = r * t
m 160 = 1.25r
c 160 = r
The last thing we have to fill in is the time. If m travels a half hour less than c, c is driving a half hour more than m, right? Filling that in:
d = r * t
m 160 = 1.25r * t
c 160 = r * t + .5
Now we have our 2 equations. Looking at the top row of the table gives us the formula we need to solve this problem. It tells us, in other words, what we are going to be doing with these columns of numbers. Distance equals the rate times the time. For the motorcycle, the equation is:
160 = (1.25r)t and that seems pretty useless since we still have 2 unknowns in there and you can only have 1 unknown in 1 equation. Let's see what the equation for the car is.
160 = (t + .5)r Same problem.
Let's go back to the equation for the motorcycle and since we are looking for the rates of each, let's solve that equation for time in terms of rate (solve it for t):
and sub that into the car's equation in place of t:
and simplify. The r's to the left of the plus sign cancel out leaving us with:
and divide those numbers inside the parenthesis to get:
160 = 128 + .5r and subtract 128 from both sides to get:
32 = .5r and finally divide by .5 to get
r = 64 miles/hour
The car goes 64 mph and the motorcycle goes 1.25 times that so,
m = 1.25(64) and
m = 80 mph