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8090 [49]
3 years ago
13

Why haven't the changes to campaign finance laws passed in 2002 been effective in stopping the flow of soft money?

Business
2 answers:
UkoKoshka [18]3 years ago
6 0

The proliferation of issue advocacAnswer:

The changes to campaign finance laws passed in 2002 haven't been effective in stopping the flow of soft money because it set limits for political parties but the soft money can go to other groups.

Explanation:

In 2002, there was a Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act that made changes to the laws about political campaign financing. This act was created to stop political parties from raising funds not subject to federal limits and to avoid the appearance of issue advocacy ads that name candidates within a period of 30 or 60 days before a primary or general election.

elena55 [62]3 years ago
4 0
The law limits the shift of money that goes to political parties but not to other groups
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A share of stock is now selling for $115. It will pay a dividend of $9 per share at the end of the year. Its beta is 1. What do
natali 33 [55]

Answer:

The expected price of the stock is $122.03

Explanation:

To calculate the expected price of the stock at the end of the year or at Year 1, we first need to determine the required rate of return on the stock. We will use the CAPM equation to calculate the required rate of return.

The required rate of return is calculated as,

r = rRF + Beta * (rM - rRF)

Where,

  • rRF is the risk free rate
  • rM is the return on market

r = 0.05 + 1 * (0.14 - 0.05)

r = 0.14

We already have the price of the stock today, the D1 and the required rate of return. Using the constant dividend growth model of DDM, we calculate the growth rate in dividends to be,

P0 = D1 / (r - g)

115 = 9 / (0.14 - g)

115 * (0.14 - g)  =  9

16.1 - 115g  =  9

16.1 - 9 = 115g

7.1 / 115 = g

g = 0.0617 or 6.17%

Using the same formula and replacing D1 with D2, we can calculate the price of the stock at the end of the year or at start of Year 1.

P1 = 9 * (1+0.0617)  /  (0.14 - 0.0617)

P1 = $122.03

4 0
3 years ago
A body in the solar system has a period of 10,759.22 days and a perihelion speed of 10.18 km/s. a. Calculate the aphelion radius
anastassius [24]

Answer:

Explanation:

From the information given, by applying Kepler's 3rd law,

T^2 \alpha  a^3

where;

T = period

a = semi major axis

T = 356 days (for earth)

a = 1 AU = 1.496 \times 10^8 \ km

Therefore, T^2 = ca^3

c= \dfrac{365^2}{(1.496 \times 10^8)^3}

c = 3.9791 \times 10^{20} \ day^2/km^3

However, if the body in the solar system has a period of 10.759.22 days, then, a =?

∴

T^2 = ca^3

a3 = \dfrac{10759.22^2}{3.9791 \times 10^{-20}}

a^3 = 2.9092 \times 10^{27}

a= \sqrt[3]{2.9092 \times 10^{27}}

a = 1.4275 \times 10^9 \ km

However, the velocity for a perihelion = 10.18 km/s

Using the formula

v = \sqrt{GM ( \dfrac{2}{r}-\dfrac{1}{a})} to calculate the radius, we have:

G = 6.674 \times 10^{-11}

M = 1.989\times 10^{30} \ kg

r = perihelion

v ^2= GM ( \dfrac{2}{r}-\dfrac{1}{a})

(10.18 \times 10^3) ^2= 6.674 \times 10^{-11} \times 1.989 \times 10^{30}  ( \dfrac{2}{r}-\dfrac{1}{1.425 \times 10^{12}})

7.8068 \times 10^{-13}= \dfrac{2}{r}-\dfrac{1}{1.425 \times 10^{12}}

\dfrac{2}{r} = 1.4824 \times 10^{-12}

r = \dfrac{2}{1.4824 \times 10^{-12}}

r = 1.349 \times 10^{12}

Similarly, the perihelion is expressed by the equation,

r = a(1 - e)

where ;

e= eccentricity

∴

1.349 \times 10^{12} = 1.425 \times 10^{12} ( 1 - e)

1.349 \times 10^{12}  -  1.425 \times 10^{12}= -  1.425 \times 10^{12} (e)

-7.6\times 10^{10}= -  1.425 \times 10^{12} (e)

\dfrac{-7.6\times 10^{10}}{-  1.425 \times 10^{12}}=  (e)

e ( eccentricity) = 0.0533

Aphelion radius in natural miles, r = a( 1+ e)

r = 1.425 \times 10^{12} ( 1 + 0.0533)

r = 1.50 \times 10^{12} \ m

to nautical miles, we have:

r = 1.50 \times 10^{12} \times 0.00054  \ nautical \ mile

radius of aphelion \mathbf{r = 8.10 \times 10^8} nautical miles

In respect to the value of a( i.e 1.4275 \times  10^9 \ km)

the body of the solar system is Saturn

5 0
3 years ago
What is marketing<br>please answer if u know,i will mark brainiest​
adoni [48]

Answer:

Marketing refers to activities a company undertakes to promote the buying or selling of a product or service. Marketing includes advertising, selling, and delivering products to consumers or other businesses. Some marketing is done by affiliates on behalf of a company.

hope it helps!

6 0
2 years ago
Briefly define the term spend as it is used in business purchasing. In a paragraph or two, explain how the Internet has reduced
Phantasy [73]

Answer: check the attached file for the answer

Explanation:

Download docx
<span class="sg-text sg-text--link sg-text--bold sg-text--link-disabled sg-text--blue-dark"> docx </span>
<span class="sg-text sg-text--link sg-text--bold sg-text--link-disabled sg-text--blue-dark"> docx </span>
6 0
3 years ago
In considering channels and logistics, what is the definition of intermodal transportation? Group of answer choices Combining tw
Taya2010 [7]

Answer:

Inter-modal transportation: Combining two or more modes of transportation

Explanation:

Logistics is the movement and coordination of resources such as food, liquids, materials, inventory, people and equipment from one location (origin) to another (destination). Intermodal transportation is used in logistics to transport a shipment from the shipper to the consignee. There are 3 methods of transportation:

  1. Ocean transportation e.g. ships
  2. Land transportation e.g. trucks, trains
  3. Air transportation e.g. flights

When any resource is transported by use of any two or more of these modes, it is known as intermodal transportation. For example, a container of clothing might be transported from Tokyo, Japan to New York, USA.

<u />

Japan factory to Japan Harbor: Train

Japan Harbor to USA Harbor: Ship

USA Harbor to warehouse in USA: Flight

Warehouse to shopping mall: Truck

5 0
2 years ago
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