Carbohydrates are not important as a stimulus in the gastric phase of gastric secretion, whereas distension, peptides, and low acidity are.
Answer:
When animals immigrate into another breeding population they may bring with then alleles that are rare or unknown in the population they breed into.
Explanation:
Gene flow is the movement of genes from one population to another population. Examples of this include a bee carrying pollen from one flower population to another, or a caribou from one herd mating with members of another herd. Genes can come in different forms called alleles.
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Bacteria have different phage resistance mechanisms, such as spontaneous mutations, the CRISPR-Cas system.
Spontaneous mutations are the main mechanisms leading to phage resistance by altering the structure of bacterial wall components that act as phage receptors. These include lipopolysaccharides (LPS), outer membrane proteins, cell wall teichoic acids, capsules, and other bacterial components.
Answer:
Unlike most nonmammalian animals, scorpions are viviparous, giving birth to live young instead of laying eggs. Once fertilized, the eggs are retained in the female's body, where the embryos are nourished in utero for periods varying from several months to a year.
Explanation:
