Charles Martel was the Frankish ruler where he defeated the Islamic Umayyads and saved Europe
Stalin modernized agriculture in the Soviet Union through collectivization. The correct option among all the options given in the question is option "c". This was the method in which all the crops produced, lands, livestock and buildings were taken over by the government. After that the farmers became a waged labor of the government and they were also given a target to fulfill.
Mussolini saw the expansion of Italy as a way to increase national pride. The correct option as per the options provided in the question is option "a".
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In Dred Scott v. Sandford (argued 1856 -- decided 1857), the Supreme Court ruled that Americans of African descent, whether free or slave, were not American citizens and could not sue in federal court. The Court also ruled that Congress lacked power to ban slavery in the U.S. territories.
Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia.
(I just pasted your question into Google, and got the answer)
