In plants, photosynthesis, occurring in chloroplasts, is an anabolic (bond-building) process whereby CO2 and H2O combine with the use of light (photon) energy. This yields O2 and sugar (i.e. glucose). This occurs in 2 phases: light-dependent and dark (Calvin cycle) reactions, which both continually recycle ADP/ATP and NADP/NADPH.
The catabolic (bond-breaking) process in plants is cellular respiration, in which glucose is broken down with O2 by glycolysis (cytoplasm only) and mitochondrial reactions (Krebs cycle and E.T.C.) to yield CO2 and H2O. These reactions recycle ADP/ATP and NAD/NADH. The CO2 and water produced by cellular respiration feed into the photosynthetic processes, and in turn, the O2 and glucose resulting from photosynthesis supply the respiratory reactions.
Answer:
A. Increasing surface area to improve nutrient absorption between the digestive and the circulatory systems.
Explanation:
Our intestines, on the inside, are lined with the intestinal mucosa. This mucosa is not straightened, as it might seem macroscopically; it rather has this wavy appearance forming folds. Also, epithelial cells in this mucosal layer have lots of small finger-like extensions called the villi.
Folds and villi increase the contact surface between the nutrients in the lumen and mucosa, thus increasing the rate of absorption of these nutrients between the intestines and the blood vessels below the epithelium.
The answer to your question is Mutualism.
I believe it is:
D) Geosphere and Biosphere.
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