The answer is Negative charges on phosphate groups repel each other. The oxygen groups of a phosphoanhydride in ATP have electron cloud that repels each other. On hydrolysis, once a phosphate is lost, the electrostatic repulsion is reduced.
When ATP is hydrolyzed, it forms more hydrogen bonds with surrounding water molecules that when ATP is unhydrolyzed. Therefore, more energy is released since more bonds are formed than are broken. The net delta G is positive during hydrolysis of ATP.
Answer:
Suppression of Abl reduces the severity of abnormal axonal guidance in PTP mutants
Explanation:
Axon guidance is a neural development subfield relating to the mechanism by which neurons send out axons to meet their right targets.
ABL gene is a protooncogene that encodes a protein tyrosine kinase involved in a variety of cellular processes. PTPs are known to signal a number of cellular processes, including cell development, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation.
Suppression of Abl reduces the severity of abnormal axonal guidance in PTP mutants.
Answer:
5. under aerobic conditions most of the pyruvate generated as a result of glycolysis is oxidized by the citric acid cycle rather than reduced to lactate.
Explanation:
The contraction of muscles occurs in the presence of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) because ATP supplies the muscles with the energy they require for contraction.
Muscles can undergo contraction Aerobically ( in the presence of oxygen) or Anaerobically ( in the absence of oxygen).
When a muscle is stimulated to contract aerobically, less lactic acid is formed than when it contracts anaerobically because under aerobic conditions most of the pyruvate generated as a result of glycolysis is oxidized by the citric acid cycle rather than reduced to lactate.
Polar because it always is below 32 degrees and has no rainfall
