Disorders of collagen are characterized by deterioration of connective tissues. The reason w<span>hy you would expect such diseases to produce widely varying symptoms because </span><span>connective tissues and collagen inside it are found everywhere in the body! so almost all of body organs are involved in these disorders.</span>
The first living things on Earth, single-celled micro-organisms<span> or microbes lacking a cell nucleus or cell membrane known as prokaryotes, seem to have </span>first<span> appeared on </span>Earth<span> almost four billion years ago, just a few hundred million years after the formation of the </span>Earth<span> itself.</span>
Answer:
3. Antibody-independent pathways of complement activation rely on complement components that directly bind to microbial surfaces.
Explanation:
There are three pathways of complement activation:
- The classical pathway.
- The alternative pathway.
- The lectin pathway.
The classical pathway is triggered by binding of C1 either to the pathogen surface or to antibody bound to the pathogen.
The alternative pathway is triggered by the spontaneous hydrolysis of soluble C3 to C3(H₂O) and initiates eventual deposition of C3 convertase on microbial surfaces.
The lectin pathway is triggered by the binding of mannose-binding lectin or ficolins to carbohydrate residues in microbial cell walls and capsules.
Answer:
B) A kidney malfunction that removes more water than normal
Explanation:
Just took the test :)
Also, the answer choice is worded differently for me. The alternative answer is "A kidney malfunction that removes more water than normal".
<u>B. Secondary xylem</u> tissue makes up most of the wood of a tree.
<h3><u>What exactly is secondary xylem?</u></h3>
Secondary xylem is a sort of xylem produced by secondary growth. During initial growth, in contrast, the primary xylem develops. As a result, the secondary xylem is linked to the primary xylem by lateral growth as opposed to the vertical extension.
The kind of cambium that gives rise to each difference is another point of differentiation. The vascular cambium produces the secondary xylem, while the procambium produces the primary xylem.
Unlike trees and shrubs, non-woody plants lack secondary xylem. It gives such plants mechanical support by depositing lignin into their cell walls, thickening them. Compared to the major xylem, the secondary xylem is made up of tracheids and veins that are shorter and wider. In comparison to the primary xylem, it is also richer in xylem fibers.
Possible growth rings in the secondary xylem (or annual rings). Sapwood and heartwood are two differentiators of the secondary xylem in big woody plants.
Learn more about secondary xylem with the help of the given link:
brainly.com/question/703995
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