I would say 1. The light bulb because candles were far more of a fire hazard and a lot less light 2. Electric heater because again a lot less of a fire hazard and less prep work 3.electric refrigerator because you could safely store food for a long time with out spoil and or deep freezer for the same reason. Edit: some of this you might want to reword.
In the late 1800s, American cities suffered from serious environmental pollution due to the smokestack emissions from hydroelectric power plants. The correct answer is D.
Federalism is a form of government that divides sovereign power across at least two political units. In the context of the United States, power is divided among the national and state governments so that each government has some independent authority.