Answer:
ATP synthase utilizes energy of the proton gradient to attach phosphate groups to ADP.
Explanation:
ATP synthase is an enzyme that requires some form of energy to form energy storing molecule ATP, from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). Because of that, ATP synthesis is coupled with cellular respiration and electrochemical gradient created by the difference in proton (H+) concentration across the mitochondrial membrane during the transport of electrons through the electron transport chain. In plants, proton gradient is formed in chloroplast, in the thylakoid lumen through the thylakoid membrane.
Answer:
Hormones are chemical messengers that are secreted directly into the blood, which carries them to organs and tissues of the body to exert their functions. There are many types of hormones that act on different aspects of bodily functions and processes.
<span>Single covalent bonding
Covalent bonding is the type of bonding that takes place when two atoms share a pair of electrons with each other. In order to form a molecule, these two electrons are glued to one or more atoms. One important contribution of non-covalent bonding is the oxygen we breathe. On the other hand, polar covalent bonding happens when a pair of electrons are being shared unequally because one of the atoms spends way too much time with another electrons rather than with the atoms. </span>
Answer:
In a plant cell, chloroplast makes sugar during the process of photosynthesis converting light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose
Explanation:
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