By the same token, any random change in a gene's DNA is likely to result in a protein that does not function normally or may not function at all. Such mutations are likely to be harmful. Harmful mutations may cause genetic disorders or cancer. A genetic disorder is a disease caused by a mutation in one or a few genes
Answer: Mutation can lead to cancer and other genetic diseases.
Explanation: Mutation is a permanent change in a DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) nucleotide sequence. DNA can be mutated by substitution/replacement of one or more base pairs, insertion/addition or deletion of one or more base pairs. When the mutation is not repaired by the DNA repair system, it can be transmitted to a younger generation. Mutation caused by base substitution can be silent if it affects nonessential DNA, while other mutations can be deleterious. Mutation can be missense if the base substitution produces a codon that codes a different amino acid and leads to the synthesis of a different polypeptide chain.
A base substitution can be nonsense if it results in a termination codon that stops the process of translation. Sickle cell disease results from a single base substitution whereby valine replaces glutamate at the sixth position of the beta globin chain.
Deletion of a base pair can result in alteration of the translational frame thereby producing a nonfunctional protein.
When there are three or more leaves growing from each node, the arrangement is called whorled. Plants such as the dandelion that have cluster of leaves growing around the base of the plant are said to have rosette arrangement.
