Some parts of the cell theory would change because maybe the original one said something completely different. so some parts of the cell theory would change like: all cells comes from preexisting cells.And It would changed to something like: All cells form all by them selves.
Prokaryotic cells have a cell wall surrounding their cell membrane .The Prokaryotic cells don't have a well defined nucleus .The genetic material of the cell is basically naked and not enveloped by the Nuclear membrane .
Eukaryotic cells don't have a cell wall surrounding their cell membrane. The Eukaryotic cells have a well organised nucleus .The genetic material of the cell is surrounded by nuclear membrane or nuclear envelope.
Both Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells have DNA.Both have a plasma membrane or cell membrane.