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James II and VII (14 October 1633O.S. – 16 September 1701[1]) was King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII,[3] from 6 February 1685 until he was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The last Roman Catholic monarch of England, Scotland and Ireland, his reign is now remembered primarily for struggles over religious tolerance. However, it also involved the principles of absolutism and divine right of kings and his deposition ended a century of political and civil strife by confirming the primacy of Parliament over the Crown.[4]
James inherited the thrones of England, Ireland and Scotland from his elder brother Charles II with widespread support in all three countries, largely based on the principle of divine right or birth.[5] Tolerance for his personal Catholicism did not apply to it in general and when the English and Scottish Parliaments refused to pass his measures, James attempted to impose them by decree; it was a political principle, rather than a religious one, that ultimately led to his removal.[6]
In June 1688, two events turned dissent into a crisis; the first on 10 June was the birth of James's son and heir James Francis Edward, threatening to create a Catholic dynasty and excluding his Protestant daughter Mary and her husband William of Orange. The second was the prosecution of the Seven Bishops for seditious libel; this was viewed as an assault on the Church of England and their acquittal on 30 June destroyed his political authority in England. Anti-Catholic riots in England and Scotland now made it seem only his removal as monarch could prevent a civil war.[7]
Representatives of the English political elite invited William to assume the English throne; after he landed in Brixham on 5 November 1688, James's army deserted and he went into exile in France on 23 December. In February 1689, Parliament held he had 'vacated' the English throne and installed William and Mary as joint monarchs, establishing the principle that sovereignty derived from Parliament, not birth. James landed in Ireland on 14 March 1689 in an attempt to recover his kingdoms but despite a simultaneous rising in Scotland, in April a Scottish Convention followed their English colleagues by ruling James had 'forfeited' the throne and offered it to William and Mary. After defeat at the Battle of the Boyne in July 1690, James returned to France where he spent the rest of his life in exile at Saint-Germain, protected by Louis XIV.
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hope it helps
plz mark as brainliest
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The correct answer is B) Maize
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Between both continents, there was an important exchange of food products. From America to Europe, corn was the most important product, demonstrated its ability to feed dense populations and was quickly accepted by Europeans, becoming one of the most widespread and popular crops in Europe.
Rice and coffee were brought by Europeans to America
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It is said to have a significant importance as the city allowed access to the Mississippi River, an important route for both transportation of both troops and civilians and shipping of resources and the above stated
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Because old people like baskets because it makes them think of they're childhood
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because and because
1•The route of Abraham from Ur to Harran and Canaan.
2• The route of Abraham to Egypt and back.
3•The route of Jacob to Harran and back.
4• The route of the Israelites from Egypt to canaan.
The 1st and 3rd routes crosse dover the physical feature know as the "syrian desert"
Now all you have to do is follow the directions and color the trade routes in *point out that route 1 and 3 crossed the syrian desert* and your done :) Hope this helped.
