The Constitution fixed the problems of the Articles of
Confederation by the following. Article I of the Constitution, Congress
can regulate interstate commerce. It is also responsible for coinage and
only Congress can regulate tariffs; in the early days of the national government,
it was largely funded through land sales, excise taxes, and tariffs.
Article II gave the national government a chief executive whose job it
was to execute the laws. He had veto power over Congress, but Congress
could override his veto or even vote to impeach him in extreme cases.
Answer:
Black codes denied the blacks the rights to testify against whites, to serve on juries or in state militias, vote.
Explanation:
The Black Codes, sometimes called Black Laws, were laws governing the conduct of African Americans (free blacks). The best known of them were passed in 1865 and 1866 by Southern states, after the American Civil War, in order to restrict African Americans' freedom, and to compel them to work for low wages.
Immediately after the Civil War ended, Southern states enacted "black codes" that allowed African Americans certain rights, such as legalized marriage, ownership of property, and limited access to the courts, but denied them the rights to testify against whites, to serve on juries or in state militias, vote.
Even as former slaves fought to assert their independence and gain economic autonomy during the earliest years of Reconstruction, white landowners acted to control the labor force through a system similar to the one that had existed during slavery.
After this, the Supreme Court gets to rule whether any law or bill is unconstitutional.
Answer:Two of Swift's pro-Irish writings were, 'The Drapier's Letters' which encouraged the boycott of English copper coins, and, 'A Modest Proposal' which drew attention to starvation in Ireland.
Explanation:According to Wikipedia, 'The Drapier's Letters (1724) was a series of pamphlets against the monopoly granted by the English government to William Wood to mint copper coinage for Ireland. It was widely believed that Wood would need to flood Ireland with debased coinage in order to make a profit. In these "letters" Swift posed as a shop-keeper—a draper—to criticise the plan. Swift's writing was so effective in undermining opinion in the project that a reward was offered by the government to anyone disclosing the true identity of the author. Though hardly a secret (on returning to Dublin after one of his trips to England, Swift was greeted with a banner, "Welcome Home, Drapier") no one turned Swift in, although there was an unsuccessful attempt to prosecute the publisher Harding.Thanks to the general outcry against the coinage, Wood's patent was recinded in September 1725 and the coins were kept out of circulation.'
According to Wikipedia, 'A Modest Proposal For preventing the Children of Poor People From being a Burthen to Their Parents or Country, and For making them Beneficial to the Publick, commonly referred to as A Modest Proposal, is a Juvenalian satirical essay written and published anonymously by Jonathan Swift in 1729. The essay suggests that the impoverished Irish might ease their economic troubles by selling their children as food for rich gentlemen and ladies. This satirical hyperbole mocked heartless attitudes towards the poor, as well as British policy toward the Irish in general. The primary target of Swift's satire was the rationalism of modern economics, and the growth of rationalistic modes of thinking in modern life at the expense of more traditional human values.'
