The Tang Materia Medica was the first <em>pharmaceutical</em> book.
Materia Medica is the Latin term for collected knowledge about healing substances. The Tang Materia medica was written circa 659 CE and it is one of many contributions by the Tang dynasty to science. The book, published by the then ruling Chinese government, is a compilation of drugs and instructions for their use. The book has 54 volumes, divided into 3 parts:
- The Main body (20 volumes) and Table of contents (1 volume).
- Pictures of medicines (25 volumes) and Table of contents (1 volume).
- Illustrated description (7 volumes).
After it was published and distributed throughout the country by the Tang government, it became the national basis for the medical practice for more than 400 years.
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12 million slaves entered the Atlantic trade between the 16th and 19th century, but about 1.5 million died on board ship. About 10.5 million slaves arrived in the Americas.
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Tecumseh regarded the treaties that had been previously negotiated between Native American tribes and the United States as illegitimate and against the interest of the Native Americans. Tecumseh sought to create a confederacy of Native American tribes to fight against the U.S. to prevent expansion of white settlements into Native American lands. Tecumseh also threatened to ally with the British against the United States which Tecumseh later did. Tecumseh ultimately died during this conflict and the British-Native American alliance was defeated.
A "Second Reconstruction", sparked by the civil rights movement, led to civil-rights laws in 1964 and 1965 that ended legal segregation and re-opened the polls to Blacks. The laws and constitutional amendments that laid the foundation for the most radical phase of Reconstruction were adopted from 1866 to 1871
