This is the subject that would most likely fall under the topic of Reconstruction, Urbanization, and industrialization from 1865 to 1889. This is because segregation and Jim Crow laws were the only events that took place during this period. Segragation was a serious problem during Reconstruction, as it reduced the impact of emancipation and did not allow African Americans to reach full equality.
Only the white wealth men could vote. Also the elite families dominated politics in that it was possible for many members of one family to serve on legislatures.