Answer:
Explanation:
Viruses are a limitation to cell theory.
According to cell theory, all cells arise from pre - existing cells. But viruses lack any membranes and do not show the characteristics of life unless they enter a living body and use its cell machinery to multiply.
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Answer:
socially
An idea or belief that is developed by a group of people and is not inherently
true or scientifically proven is considered to be constructed socially.
DNA ligase is the enzyme that repair irregularities and breaks in the back bone of double stranded DNA. The enzyme function by sealing the repair in the DNA, it seals recombination fragments and it connects okazaki fragments during replication of DNA.
If a mutation reduce the amount of ligase, all the functions of the ligase enzyme listed above will be affected negatively.
Answer:
More recent phylogenetic analyses, based on mitochondrial DNA, have suggested that the crocodile shark is closely related to either the megamouth shark or the sand sharks (Odontaspididae).
Answer:
a) i) Xylem
ii) Upper epidermis
iii) Stoma
iv) Chroloplast
v) Palisade cell layer
b) By a waxy layer on the cuticle of the leaf
Explanation:
The plant's leaves have a large surface area that is capable of absorbing sunlight. The plant's waxy layer in the surface of the leaf protects it from the loss of water, as well as of diseases caused by the entry of microorganisms. The palisade cell's surface is a single layer of cells underneath the upper epidermis that is adapted to absorb light energy.
The waxy layer is a primary physical barrier composed of insoluble polymers and lipids whose function is to protect the leaves against the entry of harmful organisms including virus, bacteria and fungus. Moreover, the plant's waxy cuticle is also a barrier that prevents the loss of water and solutes.
