1. A predicative nominative is a noun or a pronoun which follows a linking verb and refers to something before that verb. In your case, the correct answer is B, because "a shelter" goes after the linking verb "is", and refers to "a lean-to".
2. A participle has the form of infinitive + ing. In this case, the answer is D, flourishing. 
        
             
        
        
        
From the word choices of the author, we can detect what genre of writing they have employed. Given the style, tone, and content of the passage above, I can deduce that this is the work of 
American Realism is a genre of writing that depicts life evens exactly as they are. The author uses very vivid pictures to illustrate events. 
It is different from American Romanticism that clouds the true nature of events and focuses on mysteries. Romanticism also focuses on imagination and sensation. 
The use of adjectives like pale, a sky that was faint, etc, paints events as they really are.
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Answer:
talk about artificial intelligence and how computers and robots are taking the jobs of humans and putting people out of work.
Explanation: