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viva [34]
3 years ago
9

Can u pls answer this ?

Medicine
1 answer:
Sever21 [200]3 years ago
5 0

Valves are like flaps or lids that are used to transport blood from the atria to the ventricles. They act as inlets and outlets of blood.

Explanation:

The atrioventricular valves are located Left and right that are in the middle of atria and ventricle on both sides of the heart while two semilunar valves separate the right and left ventricles from the pulmonary valve and aortic valve.

The Atrioventricular valves are the mitral valve and the tricuspid valve. Mitral valve is in the left side and tricuspid valve is in the right. they both are separated by the atrium and ventricle

The two semilunar valves are the pulmonary valve and aortic valve. the pulmonary valve is on the right side separated by the right ventricle and pulmonary artery. The aortic valve is on the left and is separated by the left ventricle and aorta.

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How might the body respond if it is getting neurotransmitters from an outside source
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When the human body receives a neurotransmitter from outside of the body. The first aspect to consider is if the neurotransmitter entered through the blood vessels by injection or by oral intake. When the neurotransmitter is in the blood stream can reach the receptor of this neurotransmitter in the body. If the person is healthy, the receptor will receive an overstimulation so the answer will be stronger than normal quantities of the neurotransmitter. Nevertheless, the reuptake of the neurotransmitter will occur in the same way as natural neurotransmitter.

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3 years ago
Give an example of a 2 x 2 matrix game with exactly three nash equilibria in pure strategies. Explain.
weeeeeb [17]

Answer:

A Nash equilibrium is a profile of strategies (s1,s2) such that the strategies are best responses to each other, i.e., no player can do strictly better by deviating. This helps us to find the (pure strategy) Nash equilibria.

To start, we find the best response for player 1 for each of the strategies player 2 can play. I will demonstrate this by underlining the best responses:

ABCA1–,10,101–,−10B10–––,01,11,10C−10,110–––,11,1

Player 1 is the row player, player 2 is the column player. If 2 plays column A, then player 1's best response is to play either row A or C, which gives him 1 rather than 0 as payoff. Similarly, the best response to column B is row A, and to column C it is row B.

Now we do the same for player 2 by underlining the best responses of the column player:

ABCA1–,1–0,10–––1–,−10B10–––,01,11,10–––C−10,1–10–––,11,1

So, if player 1 plays row A then player 2 best responds either with column A or column C, giving him 1 rather than 0. We also find the best responses for row B and C.

Now a pure strategy Nash equilibrium is a cell where both payoffs are underlined, i.e., where both strategies are best responses to each other. In the example, the unique pure strategy equilibrium is (A,A). (There may also be mixed strategy equilibria.) In all other cells, at least one player has an incentive to deviate (because it gives him a higher payoff).

EDIT: How to compute mixed strategy equilibria in discrete games?

In a mixed Nash strategy equilibrium, each of the players must be indifferent between any of the pure strategies played with positive probability. If this were not the case, then there is a profitable deviation (play the pure strategy with higher payoff with higher probability).

Consider player 2. He plays column A with probability p, B with probability q, and C with probability 1−p−q. We need to find p,q such that player 1 is indifferent between his pure strategies A,B,C. He is indifferent between row A (left hand side) and row B (right hand side) if p,q are such that

p+10q−10(1−q−p)=q+10(1−p−q).

He is indifferent between B and C if

q+10(1−p−q)=p+q+1−q−p=1.

You just have to solve the first condition for q as function of p, substitute q in the second condition and you have p. Inserting p again in the first gives you q.

Now we do the same with strategies for player 1 such that player 2 is indifferent. Player 1 plays A with probability x, B with probability y and C with probability 1−x−y. The two conditions that follow are

1x+10y−10(1−x−y)=x+10(1−x−y)x+10(1−x−y)=1

Solve this again to find x,y. This is a mixed-strategy equilibrium, because neither player has a profitable deviation. Remember, we constructed the profile (x,y;p,q) such that the other player is indifferent between his pure strategies. So, no matter how the other player unilaterally deviates, his expected payoff will be identical to that in equilibrium (x,y;p,q). In general, depending on the game and solutions x,y,p,q, there may be infinitely many mixed Nash equilibria, or none. The more pure strategies there are, the more tedious it is to compute mixed strategy equilibria, since we solve for N−1 variables for each player (N being the number of pure strategies of the other player).

Moreover, to find all equilibria, if there are more than 2 actions for a player, then every possible combination of actions has to be checked. Here, a player has 3 actions, and a mixed strategy equilibrium could entail mixing over all three or just any two of them. Since such a player would not have to be indifferent regarding the strategy played with probability 0, the equations you have to set up are different. In summary, manually checking for all possible mixed strategy equilibria if at least one player has more than two actions can require a lot of effort.

mark me brainliest

follow

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