The five ways that the Madrid Protocol did to protect Antartica's natural environment are the following:
#1. assessing human influence on the environment
#2 prohibiting the introduction of invasive species and limiting human contact with endemic species
#3 severely controlling the kind of waste and pollutants allowed on the continent
#4 prohibiting the discarding of chemicals, oil, trash, or other pollutants in the ocean around Antartica
#5 designating areas on the continent as protected zones
If all of the sudden a virus, such as.... Zika spread it would decrease fertility rate. Another factor could be if the country was third world, since a lot of expecting mother's don't have enough money for proper treatment or food could definitely decrease fertility rate.
